人(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)是指用(yong)于人(ren)(ren)(ren)員進出(chu)設(she)備(bei)以便安裝、檢修和(he)安全檢查(cha)的開(kai)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)。主(zhu)要由短(duan)筒(tong)節（或短(duan)管）、法蘭和(he)帶(dai)把手的人(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)蓋(gai)組(zu)成(cheng)。從(cong)安全檢查(cha)考(kao)慮，壓(ya)(ya)力容器(qi)要求開(kai)設(she)的人(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)數及其小尺寸見“檢查(cha)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)”。人(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)材料有碳鋼和(he)不銹(xiu)鋼。按(an)受(shou)壓(ya)(ya)情(qing)況人(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)分(fen)為常壓(ya)(ya)和(he)受(shou)壓(ya)(ya)人(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)；按(an)形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)分(fen)為圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing)、橢圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing)和(he)矩(ju)形(xing)(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)，矩(ju)形(xing)(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)僅適(shi)用(yong)于常壓(ya)(ya)設(she)備(bei)；按(an)安裝位置人(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)分(fen)為水平和(he)垂直安裝人(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)；人(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)蓋(gai)固(gu)定(ding)方式有迥轉(zhuan)蓋(gai)和(he)吊蓋(gai)；人(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)開(kai)后(hou)速度(du)有普通式和(he)快開(kai)式，人(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)和(he)尺寸一般都(dou)已標(biao)準化，可參照有關手冊選用(yong)或設(she)計。