人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)是指用于人(ren)(ren)員進出設備以便安(an)(an)(an)裝、檢修和(he)(he)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)檢查(cha)的開孔(kong)(kong)結構。主要由短筒節（或短管）、法(fa)蘭和(he)(he)帶(dai)把手(shou)的人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)蓋組成。從安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)檢查(cha)考慮，壓(ya)力容器要求開設的人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)數(shu)及其小尺寸見“檢查(cha)孔(kong)(kong)”。人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)材料有(you)(you)碳鋼和(he)(he)不銹(xiu)鋼。按受壓(ya)情況人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)分為常壓(ya)和(he)(he)受壓(ya)人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)；按形(xing)狀人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)分為圓形(xing)、橢圓形(xing)和(he)(he)矩(ju)形(xing)人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)，矩(ju)形(xing)人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)僅適用于常壓(ya)設備；按安(an)(an)(an)裝位置(zhi)人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)分為水平和(he)(he)垂直安(an)(an)(an)裝人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)；人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)蓋固(gu)定(ding)方式(shi)有(you)(you)迥轉蓋和(he)(he)吊蓋；人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)開后速度(du)有(you)(you)普通式(shi)和(he)(he)快開式(shi)，人(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)結構和(he)(he)尺寸一般(ban)都已標準化，可參照有(you)(you)關手(shou)冊選用或設計。