人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)是(shi)指(zhi)用(yong)于(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員進出設(she)備以(yi)便安裝、檢(jian)修和(he)安全(quan)檢(jian)查(cha)的(de)開(kai)孔(kong)(kong)結構。主要由短筒節（或短管(guan)）、法蘭(lan)和(he)帶把(ba)手的(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)蓋(gai)組成。從安全(quan)檢(jian)查(cha)考(kao)慮，壓(ya)(ya)力容(rong)器要求開(kai)設(she)的(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)數及其小尺(chi)寸見“檢(jian)查(cha)孔(kong)(kong)”。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)材(cai)料有碳鋼(gang)和(he)不銹鋼(gang)。按(an)受壓(ya)(ya)情況人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)分(fen)為(wei)常壓(ya)(ya)和(he)受壓(ya)(ya)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)；按(an)形(xing)(xing)狀人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)分(fen)為(wei)圓形(xing)(xing)、橢圓形(xing)(xing)和(he)矩(ju)形(xing)(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)，矩(ju)形(xing)(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)僅適用(yong)于(yu)常壓(ya)(ya)設(she)備；按(an)安裝位置人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)分(fen)為(wei)水平(ping)和(he)垂直安裝人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)；人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)蓋(gai)固(gu)定(ding)方式(shi)(shi)(shi)有迥(jiong)轉蓋(gai)和(he)吊蓋(gai)；人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)開(kai)后(hou)速度有普通式(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)快開(kai)式(shi)(shi)(shi)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孔(kong)(kong)結構和(he)尺(chi)寸一般都(dou)已標(biao)準(zhun)化，可(ke)參照有關手冊(ce)選用(yong)或設(she)計。